Hygiene and allergen concerns have been raised as part of research into delivery-only food firms operating through online platforms.
Dark kitchens are businesses that offer food for delivery through online orders. There are concerns about the impact of these outlets, with a lack of guidelines, regulations and oversight of the sector, according to researchers at Sheffield Hallam University.
Dark kitchens operate from a variety of premises, including converted industrial units, shipping containers, commercial kitchens rented by the hour, and spaces in hotels, pubs, or stadiums. Some are purpose-built for delivery platforms, while others use shared spaces or are temporarily rented out to different brands.